Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.(Citation: Talos Olympic Destroyer 2018) Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.
The following Atomic test utilizes LaZagne to extract passwords from browsers on the Windows operating system.LaZagne is an open source application used to retrieve passwords stored on a local computer.
mimikittenz – Extract Plain-Text Passwords From Memory
The following Atomic test utilizes WebBrowserPassView to extract passwords from browsers on a Window system. WebBrowserPassView is an open source application used to retrieve passwords stored on a local computer. Recently noticed as a tool used in the BlackCat Ransomware.
Adversaries may acquire credentials from web browsers by reading files specific to the target browser.[1] Web browsers commonly save credentials such as website usernames and passwords so that they do not need to be entered manually in the future. Web browsers typically store the credentials in an encrypted format within a credential store; however, methods exist to extract plaintext credentials from web browsers.
Kimsuky has used browser extensions including Google Chrome to steal passwords and cookies from browsers. Kimsuky has also used Nirsoft's WebBrowserPassView tool to dump the passwords obtained from victims.[39][40][41][42]
OilRig has used credential dumping tools such as LaZagne to steal credentials to accounts logged into the compromised system and to Outlook Web Access.[63][64][65][66] OilRig has also used tool named PICKPOCKET to dump passwords from web browsers.[66]
Once we have administrative remote shell, our next task is to gather all the passwords from Security Accounts Manager (SAM) database, Local Security Authority Subsystem (LSASS) process memory. Domain Active Directory Database (domain controllers only), Credential Manager (CredMan) store or LSA Secrets in the registry and get all the passwords (clear-text or hashed). A lot of stuff has already been mentioned at Obtaining Windows Passwords and Dumping Windows Credential and Bernardo Blog Dump Windows password hashes efficiently Part1 , Part2, Part3, Part4, Part5 and Part6.
Metasploit provide a post exploitation module for taking snapshots from webcam and recording sounds from microphone. Imagine, the impact of informing the client that we can view a person live-feed or record sounds from a meeting room without being present in the same room. Maybe in the meeting there were discussing about passwords, company secrets, operations, future plannings, spendings, etc.
We took this modified Mimikatz file and ran it against systems running up-to-date versions of Windows Defender, Symantec, and ESET. (Thanks to Brian Fehrman and David Fletcher). We were able to run the script to dump cleartext passwords from memory and it was not detected by AV.
SAM is short for the Security Account Manager which manages all the user accounts and their passwords. It acts as a database. All the passwords are hashed and then stored SAM. Using CME, we will dump the credentials from SAM in the form of hashes by using the following command:
Method 1. Use the in-memory dowload and execute: Use below command to execute a PowerShell script from a remote shell, meterpreter native shell, a web shell etc. and the function exported by it. All the scripts in Nishang export a function with same name in the current PowerShell session.
The ransomware appends a random extension to infected files and uses Salsa20 encryption. It uses some tricks to avoid detection, such as a new defence evasion technique, known as reflective DLL loading, to inject a DLL from memory.
The NetWalker malware uses a custom resource type (1337 or 31337) containing its entire configuration. This file is extracted to memory and decrypted using the RC4 algorithm with a hard-coded key in the resource.
Mimikatz is an open-source leading post-exploitation tool that makes post-exploitation lateral movement within a network easy for attackers. It was developed in 2007 by the French developer, Benjamin Delpy to gather credentials. This tool dumps passwords from memory, hashes, PINs, and Kerberos tickets. A wide range of operations related to penetration testing can be performed by Mimikatz. 2ff7e9595c
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